CBN丨China's manufacturing, services activities return to expansion territory in Jan: NBS
21世纪经济报道 21财经APP
2023-01-31

Hi everyone. I’m Stephanie LI.

大家好,我是主持人李莹亮。

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重点提要 

Here’s what you need to know about China in the past 24 hours 

中国经济要闻

China’s factory and services activity bounced back in January in the first sign of economic recovery after Beijing optimized its Covid response, data released on Tuesday showed.

The official manufacturing purchasing managers’ index (PMI) rose to a four-month high of 50.1, up from 47 in December, according to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), returning to expansion territory for the first time since September 2022.

China’s PMI expanded in January amid an improvement in the business operation climate and the situation from December, said senior NBS statistician Zhao Qinghe. “Meanwhile, many companies in the manufacturing and services sectors still reported a lack of market demand is the major concern for their businesses. The foundation of economic recovery still needs to be further consolidated,” Zhao added.

Total new orders bounced back to expansionary territory with the sub-index rising to 50.9 in January, the highest level since July 2021, while the index measuring delivery time also rose to 47.6 from 40.1 in December. Also, the sub-index for production came in at 49.8 in January versus 44.6 a month earlier, according to the NBS.

China's non-manufacturing PMI, which measures business sentiment in the services and construction sectors, rose to 54.4 in January from 41.6 in December, reaching the highest mark since June.

Within the non-manufacturing PMI, the services index rebounded strongly from 39.4, the second-weakest reading on record, to 54, while the construction index also picked up from 54.4 to 56.4.

Meanwhile, enterprises above designated size across China recorded total profits of 8.4 trillion yuan in the year of 2022, down 4 percent year-on-year, the NBS said. 

Among the 41 industrial categories, the total profit of 21 industries increased year-on-year, while that of 19 industries decreased.

In 2022, profits at state-owned enterprises (SOEs) rose 3 percent, while those at joint-stock enterprises fell 2.7 percent, foreign firms slumped 9.5 percent, and private-sector firms shrank 7.2 percent.

Although the profits of industrial enterprises declined in 2022 due to multiple factors that exceeded expectations and a relatively high base in the same period of last year, overall profit structure continued to improve, said senior NBS statistician Zhu Hong in a statement.

1月31日,国家统计局发布数据显示,1月份制造业采购经理指数(PMI)为50.1%,较上月上升3.1个百分点,在连续3个月运行在50%以下后重回扩张区间。

整体来看,1月份,制造业PMI、非制造业PMI和综合PMI产出指数分别为50.1%、54.4%、52.9%,高于上月3.1、12.8和10.3个百分点,三大指数均回升至扩张区间。

国家统计局服务业调查中心高级统计师赵庆河解读称,1月份,随着疫情防控转入新阶段,生产生活秩序逐步恢复,制造业PMI升至50.1%,重返扩张区间,调查的21个行业中有18个高于上月,制造业景气水平较快回升。

从分类指数看,在构成制造业PMI的5个分类指数中,新订单指数高于临界点,表明制造业市场需求有所回升。不过,生产指数、原材料库存指数、从业人员指数和供应商配送时间指数仍低于临界点。

数据显示,1月份PMI新订单指数为50.9%,较上月上升7个百分点,升幅明显,在连续6个月运行在50%以下后回到扩张区间。在需求回升以及人员流动趋于宽松的带动下,企业生产活动也稳定恢复,生产指数为49.8%,虽仍位于50%以下,但较上月上升5.2个百分点,结束了连续3个月环比下降的势头。从业人员指数为47.7%,较上月上升2.9个百分点,显示企业用工需求回升。1月份反映外部需求的新出口订单指数为46.1%,较上月上升近2个百分点,不过仍处在相对偏低水平,且较2022年同期水平下降2.3个百分点。

1月份,非制造业PMI也同步回到荣枯线上方,且回升幅度更加明显。数据显示,1月非制造业PMI为54.4%,比上月提升12.8个百分点。分行业看,1月服务业景气水平迎来触底回升,服务业商务活动指数为54.0%,比上月上升14.6个百分点,结束了此前连续6个月的回落走势,升至扩张区间。

此外,国家统计局同日公布数据,2022年全国规模以上工业企业实现利润总额84038.5亿元,比上年下降4.0%。2022年,规模以上工业企业中,国有控股企业实现利润总额23792.3亿元,比上年增长3.0%;股份制企业实现利润总额61610.9亿元,下降2.7%;外商及港澳台商投资企业实现利润总额20039.6亿元,下降9.5%;私营企业实现利润总额26638.4亿元,下降7.2%。2022年,在41个工业大类行业中,21个行业利润总额比上年增长,19个行业下降,1个行业由亏转盈。

国家统计局工业司高级统计师朱虹解读称,尽管2022年工业企业利润有所下降,但工业企业利润上下游结构持续改善,也要看到,国内外不稳定不确定因素仍然较多,企业经营压力仍然较大,工业企业效益恢复仍面临诸多挑战。

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(作者:李莹亮 编辑:李艳霞)